雅思小作文柱圖分析

在雅思小作文中，除了線圖，柱狀圖考得很頻繁。常以豎柱狀圖或橫柱狀圖出現(xiàn)。通常又可分為單柱和多柱，且經(jīng)常配合在組合圖形里考察。今天我們就來對(duì)柱圖進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的分析，特別是給大家列出了動(dòng)態(tài)和靜態(tài)兩種寫法：

1）如果橫軸有明顯的時(shí)間推移的話，烤鴨們應(yīng)連接柱子頂點(diǎn)，重在描述柱子的升降起伏，寫法類似于線狀圖。2）如果無時(shí)間推移，則寫法和餅狀圖一樣。即按照各比較對(duì)象所占比例的高低寫，同時(shí)要注意各所占比例之間的比較。

可以用到的詞匯有：

1.表示“占多少”的動(dòng)詞: account for，take up，make up，contribute to，have，represent　　
　　2.表示“最高級(jí)”和 “比較級(jí)”: 第一/最小 the largest/biggest proportion of, 第二 the second/next largest/expensive(+ 形容詞的最高級(jí)), 第三 followed closely by, 最低/最小 the smallest percent of all
　　3.表示“相同比例”: 即在餅狀圖中遇到了比例相同或者差不多的餅，如有A B兩個(gè)比較對(duì)象。A accounts for the same percentage as B/The proportion of A is as high as B/ A and B contributed equally/evenly to (all )

解題關(guān)鍵

在觀察柱形圖的時(shí)候首先要留意橫軸的數(shù)據(jù)，若橫軸為時(shí)間軸或者是年齡趨勢(shì)，那么我們?cè)谥黧w段寫作時(shí)候的基本思路就為從左到右；若橫軸數(shù)據(jù)為具體專有名詞諸如地點(diǎn)，交通工具等時(shí)，主體段的寫作思路就可能是按照柱形的長度排列。

審題時(shí)要注意看好橫縱坐標(biāo)分別代表什么，以及時(shí)間單位。
　　把柱圖當(dāng)線圖看，切入點(diǎn)是描述趨勢(shì)。
　　寫法：橫坐標(biāo)是時(shí)間的，按時(shí)間發(fā)展順序?qū)��?duì)象的整體趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行對(duì)比。無時(shí)間的，可根據(jù)量的大小多少進(jìn)行對(duì)比。

題1：The charts below give information about USA marriage and divorce rates between 1970 and 2000, and the marital status of adult Americans in two of the years. 

Displayed in the first bar chart are data about marriage and divorce rates in the U.S. between 1970 and 2000 while the second bar chart demonstrates the marital status of adult Americans in 1970 and 2000.

According to the first bar chart, the marriage rate was consistently higher than the divorce rate over the thirty-year period. In 1970 the number of marriages stood at 2.5 million whilst that of divorce was 1 million. Over the next decade, that of marriages remained stable whereas that of divorces increased to 1.4 million over the same period. Then the following twenty years saw a gradual fall to 2 million in the number of marriages. Similarly, there was also a downward trend in that of divorces, reaching 1.4 million in 1990 and ending at 1 million in 2000.動(dòng)態(tài)寫法

The second bar chart clearly shows that married people accounted for the greatest proportion of the adult American population in both 1970 and 2000 (70% and 59% respectively). As for other categories, the percentage of Americans adults who were never married was 14% in 1970 and 20% in 2000. By contrast, people who were widowed represented 8% of the population in 1970 and 6% in 2000. It is particularly noticeable that divorced couples only constituted 2% of the entire population in 1970 but in 2000, the figure amounted to 9%, a 4.5 times increase. 靜態(tài)寫法

Therefore, it can be clearly seen from the charts that the USA marriage rates were substantially higher than the divorce rates over the three decades and married population made up the largest proportion of the whole population in both 1970 and 2000.